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J. G. GILL. INSULATOR FOR ELECTRIC WIRES.

No. 406,041. Patented July 2, 1889.

UNITED STATES 3 PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES C. GILL, OF COVINGTON, KENTUCKY, ASSIGNOR TO THE IIEMIN GRAY GLASSCOMPANY,

OF SAME PLACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 406,041, dated July 2,1889.

.To 0. whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMES C. GILL, a citizen of the United States,residing in Covington, in the county of Kenton and State of Kentucky,have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Insulators forElectric Wires, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, formingTO part of this specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in insulators for electric wires;and it consists in molding or casting a part of the Wire into a glassinsulator.

I have illustrated my invention as applied to the ordinarytelegraph-wires, but do not limit myself to the forms shown, as it maybeused in a variety of ways.

The usual method of fastening the main wire to the insulator is by meansof a wire wound around the insulator and the main wire, thus tying thetwo together. The objection to this is that in a short time the wire andglass in contact therewith become 2 5 coated with dust and dirt, whichin a measure holds moisture, and the insulator in wet weather becomes inthis way coated with water, which acts as a conductor for the electriccurrent, and perfect insulation cannot be 0 secured.

The object of my invention is to overcome this difficulty and at thesame time make use of the ordinary standard glass insulator.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is 3 5 a vertical section of aglass telegraph-wire insulator with a portion of the wire cast in it.Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectionof a glass insulator with a tie-wire cast in it. Fig. 4. is a horizontalcross-section of the same. Fig. 5

is a front elevation in section of a glass insulator with the tie-wirecast or molded into the top of the insulator. Fig. 6 is a top plan viewof the same.

Like letters of reference indicate identical parts in the differentfigures.

In Fig. 1, A is a glass insulator, usually more or less conical in.shape, though of course the shape is not essential, with an interioropening B, screw-threaded to receive the plug or bar upon which it issupported.

0 is a wire cast or embedded in the glass, extending half-way round, theends of the wire extending outward laterally in a line with the centerof the insulator. The wire is so molded in the glass as to be entirelyand completely embraced and surrounded by the glass and exposed at nopoint. WVhen this form of insulator is used, the line-wire is attachedto the wire 0 by a loop, as shown at D, the line-wire being cut intosections between each pair of insulators. The ends are attached in themanner shown, thus forming a complete and continuous wire or line.

In Fig. 3 the insulatorA is provided with a groove F on one side, inwhich the line-wire rests.

G is a tie-wire molded in the glass, ex tending clear around theinsulator, as shown in Fig. a, so as to give it a firm bearing or holdand avoid any strain upon the glass. The ends of this tie-wire G aretwisted tightly around the line-wire H, thus holding it firmly andsecurely in place and completely insulating it.

In Fig. 5 the insulator S is provided with a groove or trough K,extending horizontally across its top or upper surface, in which theline-wire L rests.

A tie-wire M is cast or molded in the glass, its two ends extendingupward 011 either side of the groove K, so as to embrace the line-wireL. hen the line-wire is in place, the ends of the tie-wire M are tightlytwisted or knotted, and thus secure the line-wire firmly in place andperfectly insulated.

If desired, the tie-wires G or M may be twisted. in such a way as tohold the linewire in the groove and yet permit it to have more or lesslateral movement in the groove. This is often convenient in stretchingthe line wire and securing an even tension throughout, instead ofdividing it up into short sections, rigidly attached to each in sulator.9 5

I am aware that it is old to partially or wholly cover the tie-wirewithan insulating combination with the main wires, substanmeterial, and donot here claim such a contially in the manner and tor the purpose (10-IO struct-ion. scribed.

Having described my invention, What I IAMFS C GILL 5 claim, and desireto secure by Letters Patent, J

i Vituesscs:

A glass electric wire insulator through GEORGE HEIDMAN,

which a portion of the line-wire is cast, in ALFRED M. ALLEN.

